Yim Wing-chun

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Yim.
Yim Wing-chun
Born China
Died China
Style Wing Chun
Teacher(s) Ng Mui
Years active fl. c. 1700
Spouse Leung Bok-chau
Notable students Leung Bok-chau

Yim Wing-chun (simplified Chinese: 严咏春; traditional Chinese: 嚴詠春; pinyin: Yányǒngchūn) is a Chinese legendary character, often cited in Wing Chun legends as the first master of the martial art bearing her name. Wing-chun, though a person's name in Chinese language, literally means "spring chant" or "forever spring", or may be substituted with the character for "eternal springtime".[1]

Different accounts of Yim's story exist, but the central sequence of events remains largely the same, beginning with Yim's teacher. During the Qing Dynasty, a Shaolin Buddhist nun and abbess, Ng Mui (五枚師太), reportedly fled the destruction of the Siu Lam Temple at the hands of the government; the temple was believed to be harbouring revolutionaries.[2] According to one legend, Ng saw a crane and a snake fighting, and incorporated their movements into her style of Chinese boxing to form a new, unnamed martial art system.[2]

Ng later took on a disciple, Yim Wing-chun, and passed the art on to her.[2] Yim was well known for her beauty, and sold tofu for a living.[3] A local bully tried to force her to marry him, but she used the art to defeat him.[2] Some accounts claim that Ng taught Yim the art specifically for the purpose of defending herself against the unwanted advances.[4]

Yim later married Leung Bok-chau, a salt merchant, and he named the art Wing Chun Kuen (Wing Chun's boxing) after her.[2][4] Lee (1972) attributes significant development of the art to Yim, crediting her with the invention of the chi sao (sticking hands) exercise.[5] From there, the art passed through several men's hands before coming to Yip Man.[3]

The movie Wing Chun (1994) loosely portrays Yim's life within the action film genre, with Michelle Yeoh portraying the central character. A more recent movie, Kung Fu Wing Chun (2010), Yim Wing-chun was portrayed by Bai Jing and Leung Bok-chau was portrayed by Yu Shaoqun. Meng and Rudnicki (2006) have written a critical analysis of the legend surrounding Yim.[6]

Lineage

Lineage in Wing Chun
Sifu Ng Mui; creator of Wing Chun
 
Yim Wing-chun (嚴詠春)
 
Only student Leung Bok-chau (梁博儔); her husband

References

  1. ^ Ritchie, R. (c. 2007): What's in a name? Retrieved on 9 May 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d e Chu, R., Ritchie, R., & Wu, Y. (1998): Complete Wing Chun: The definitive guide to Wing Chun's history and traditions. Boston, MA: Tuttle Publishing. (ISBN 978-0-8048-3141-3)
  3. ^ a b Ing, K. (2008): Wing Chun warrior: The true tales of Wing Chun Kung Fu Master Duncan Leung, Bruce Lee's fighting companion. Hong Kong: Blacksmith Books. (ISBN 978-9-8817-7422-4)
  4. ^ a b Stanford Wing Chun: History and principles of Wing Chun Kung Fu (c. 2001). Retrieved on 9 May 2010.
  5. ^ Lee, J. Y. (1972): Wing Chun Kung-Fu: Chinese art of self-defense (p. 13). Santa Clarita, CA: Ohara Publications. (ISBN 0-89750-037-7)
  6. ^ Meng, B., & Rudnicki, S. (2006): Misconceptions of Wing Chun (13 October 2006). Retrieved on 9 May 2010.